Movable wheel for reversible rotary machines and particularly for hydraulic turbines



June 192,9. A. HUGUENIN 1.716.13 MOVABLE WHEEL FOR REVERSIBLE ROTARY ma mas AND PARTICULARLY FOR HYDRAULIC TURBINES Filed March 1. 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet l k i 5 a 3 s 3 '5 [53]; a t 37-- ME 5 j. Y 1 g 12 {I 4 20 E o '7 l: O x o 1:: 21 o 0 K. I

I 9/ 8 17 10 22' if [Len/n i j I'm/017%! n 1929-. A. HUGUENIN 4 ,716,134

I MOVBLE WHEEL FOR REVERSIBLE ROTARY MACHINES AND PARTICULARLY FOR HYDRAULIC TURBINES .Filed March 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 flu ma n/3 1 Hire or @atented dune a,

"barren stares? ALBERT HUGUENIN,

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Application filed. March a1, 1927, Serial No. 177,168, and in Trance march 25, 1926',

There are, as known, movable wheels for re versible rotary machines in; which all the vanes are pivotally mounted and are secured at their hub in suchmanner that the taste ing can be, when needed, loosened and su sequently reestablished for any angular osition of the vanes relatively to the wheels aft. Tn an arrangement of this kind, all the vanes of the wheel are driven or controlled simultaneously, this control beingmoreover efiected in a room which is situated outside the turbine properly called.

It results therefrom that it is necessary to choose an evolvent of the vanes in a circum- 5 ferential direction which is smaller for a same diameter than the pitch between two consecutive vanes, so that the said motion can be efiectively possible.

The fact of controlling the pivoting of the vanes from an operating chamber or room situated outside the turbine is moreover not suitable for all applications.

The present invention has'for its object a device in which the pivotal movement of the vanes is not produced simultaneously for all" the vanes but for only one half of the latter, either for example by the even or odd vanes. Tn first turning for example the even vanes until they are in their middle position, in then causing the odd vanes to entirely pivot and in achievin then as a third operation the pivoting of the even vanes, it will be pos- \sible to obtain the complete reversibility of the wheel while having the possibility of 5 sensibly decreasing the pitch of the vanes for the same evolvent ofthese latter in the circumferentialdirection. v

The control of this pivoting motion of vanes by a mechanism which is located in the no shaft itself transmitting the torqueofthe turbine allows to place this mechanism in a more suitable lace, for instance, in the case of vertical tur' ine, above the turbine, while the controlling or driving chamber located outside the latter will be situated below the turbine: V

The accompanying drawing shows by way of example a mode of carrying out the ob ect of the invention. at Fig. 1 is a vertical section made bythe axis of the turbine. Fig. 2 is a section made according tolme 2'2 of 1, and,

by links 20 and 21' with the truncated parts Fig. 3 is a section made according to line 3--3 of the same figure. Fig. i shows a development of the positions of vanes.

The turbine shown-is a turbine with six vanes numbered from 1 to 6.

These vanes are terminated by truncated parts engaged in a hub 'l'.

The even vanes, 6 for example, carry on their truncated part 8 a bevel gear 9 next to the periphery of the hub 77 and the odd vanes 3 for example, carry, on their truncated part 22, a bevel gear or wheel near the middle of this hub.

A hollow shaft 11 carries a ring 12 meshing with the gears or pinions 9 while a concentric shaft 13 carries a ring 14: meshing with the gears or pinions 10. v

A central shaft 15 .is provided with two reverse threads 16 and lZ'respectively meshing with nuts 18 and 19 which are connected 8 and 22.

The result isthat if this shaft turns in a certain direction, the vanes are freed while a revolution in the reverse direction of the said shaft, on the contrary fastens these vanes in the hub. In Fig. i which shows a'development of a section of the vanes over a cylindrical surface tangential to the movablewheel, it will be seen that when the'vane 2is brought to the positionindicatedirfdotted lines, the vanes 3 and 1 can make a full revolution, while if all the vanes were revolvingsimultaneously, the pitch ought to be increased and the vane 2 should be removed from the vane 3 for example as shown in 2, in such manner that the or external to the one described by the ends of the vane 3.

The shaft lfi projects at the upper part as far as the middle of adiaring part 23 of the motor shaft 24:, the shaft 13 ending a little lower and the shaft 11 still lower.

l A motor 25 drives through gear wheels 26, 27 28, 29 a ring 30 with internal teeth which loosely revolves about the shaft 15. o

The ring 30 can be coupled by means of an electro-magnet 31, with a disc or plate 32 connected with the shaft 15.

Through electro-ma nets 33, 34 and 35,.and the disc 36 the two hol ow shafts 11 or 13 can lOOr Y cured to the externalperiphery of set in motion either in one direction or in the other. e

- The connection between the disc 36 and the 4 on the axis of the shaft 24, this being required by the strict balancing of the revolving part.

The driving or controlling electric current is led to the motor and'to the electro-magnets 31, 33, 34 and 35 by -means of rings se-. the flaring part 23.

I claim as new therein, and my own inventlon, 1s 7 1. In a runner with pivoting vanes for reve rs1ble turbines, the (ZOmbIIIatIOII'Of two groups of pivoting vanes "the pitch of. which 1s smaller than their width, the vanes of the means for causing the vanes o One group beingxadapted to alternate with the ergroup; means for causing v vanes of the ot the vanes of the onegroup to pivotfaxially and oup to also pivot axially independently 50m the vanes of the first group.

2. Ina runner with pivoting vanes for reversible' turbines, the combination of two groups of pivoting vanes the pitch of which V goup to also pivot axially"independently" means to fasten-said truncated seat inthe said ,is smallerthantheir viiidthgthe vanes of the one group bein adapted to alternate with the vanes of the ot er group, means for causingthevanes of the one group to pivot axiallyand means for causing the vanes; of the other om the vanes of the first group, a truncated 7 seat at the base of each vane, the .hub of the said wheel being provided with a con Qfll bore,

the other conical bore after the pivoting of the vanes,

: means to loosen the said truncated seat be-.

ffore the pivoting of the said vanes, said means comprising a central shaft placed on the axis of the said runner and provided with two reverse threads at the end located in the the conical seat of said'vanes and means for rotating-the said shaft.

3. In arunner with pivoting vanes for reversible turbines, the combination of two groups of pivotin vanes the pitch of-Which v is smaller than t eir width, the vanes of Having thus described my apparatus, what the one group bein adapted to" alternate -with the vanes of t e other group, means.

vanes of the other group to also pivot axially independently from the vanes of the first group, a truncated seatat the base of each vane, the hub of the saidwheel being provided with a conical bore, said truncated seat being adapted'to .fit into the said conical bore and to rotate in said bore, bevel gears on the truncated seat of the vanes of thefirst group, bevel gears on the truncated seat of the vanes of the second group, a first gear wheel adapted tomesh with the .bevel gears of the first group,

a second gear wheel adapted to mesh with the bevel gears of the second grou a first hollow shaft, upon which -is mounte the first gear wheel, a second hollow shaft concentric to.

the first and upon which is mounted the second I gear wheel and means for rotating said hollow shafts.

3 fixed my signature.

ALBERT HUGUENIN.

a In testimony whereof I have hereunto a fl 

